{"id":932,"date":"2021-05-08T01:14:30","date_gmt":"2021-05-08T01:14:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/?page_id=932"},"modified":"2025-04-07T01:37:50","modified_gmt":"2025-04-07T01:37:50","slug":"sistema-unificado-de-clasificacion-del-suelo","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/en\/sistema-unificado-de-clasificacion-del-suelo\/","title":{"rendered":"The unified soil classification system (USCS) in geotechnical engineering"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"932\" class=\"elementor elementor-932\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-491843d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"491843d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container 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menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2318\"><a href=\"https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/en\/servicios-de-consultoria\/\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Servicios de consultor\u00eda<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3224\"><a href=\"https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/en\/proyecto-geotecnico\/\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Proyectos geot\u00e9cnicos<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1168\"><a href=\"https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/en\/contacto\/\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Contact<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\t\t\t<\/nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6221da8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6221da8\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6e37a48\" data-id=\"6e37a48\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b9ad436 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b9ad436\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">The unified soil classification system (USCS) in geotechnical engineering<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e907e2f elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e907e2f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a036654\" data-id=\"a036654\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e230835 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e230835\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>In this post we will discuss the topic of soil classification, focusing on two fundamental aspects: first, to understand what a soil classification system is; and second, to understand the philosophy of the Unified Soil Classification System, which is the most widely used around the world to differentiate soils in practical Geotechnical Engineering.<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-2f83adc elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2f83adc\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-aff673f\" data-id=\"aff673f\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d288a2a elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"d288a2a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;No headings were found on this page.&quot;,&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;numbers&quot;,&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tContents\t\t\t<\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__d288a2a\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-chevron-down\"><\/i><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__d288a2a\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-chevron-up\"><\/i><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__d288a2a\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<i class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ac97254 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ac97254\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-89037de\" data-id=\"89037de\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db0463f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"db0463f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">What is a soil classification system<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a44117b elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a44117b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-44d51df\" data-id=\"44d51df\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d41ae66 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d41ae66\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"translation-block\">In general, everyone has an idea that allows them to differentiate gravels, sands, silts and clays. However, from the point of view of Soil Mechanics, general terms such as gravel, sand, silt or clay include a wide range of engineering characteristics, so that further subdivisions or modifications of these terms are required to make them more useful in practical engineering. This results in the need for a systematic method to categorize and classify soil based on its most likely engineering behavior.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ded8fa9 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ded8fa9\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-92f53b3\" data-id=\"92f53b3\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-123f4cb elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"123f4cb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"147\" src=\"https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Figura-1-1024x188.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-935\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Figura-1-1024x188.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Figura-1-300x55.jpg 300w, https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Figura-1-768x141.jpg 768w, https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Figura-1-1536x281.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Figura-1-2048x375.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6e89f5e elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6e89f5e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-106d853\" data-id=\"106d853\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f73dbf1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f73dbf1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"translation-block\">Figure 1 Appearance of different types of soils<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3f6527b elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3f6527b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a51a2e7\" data-id=\"a51a2e7\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c67b10 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1c67b10\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"translation-block\">Such classification method represents, therefore, a language of communication between engineers, so that it is not possible to confuse apparently similar soils, but which have different behaviors.<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p>Another important advantage is that this language allows taking advantage of the experience accumulated by other engineers in similar soils, without the possibility of errors due to misinterpretation of the available information.<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p class=\"translation-block\">Figure 2 illustrates the role of the soil classification system in practical Geotechnical Engineering. As can be seen, from certain properties that a soil sample has (such as void ratio e, moisture content \u03c9, density \u03c1, specific gravity Gs, liquid limit LL, and plastic index PI, among others), a classification system is applied, which allows the engineer to reach an approximate idea of the engineering properties of the soil and the behavior of the soil for different purposes.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4ad045e elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4ad045e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-61048c6\" data-id=\"61048c6\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6198469 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"6198469\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"360\" src=\"https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/1-1.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-937\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/1-1.jpg 2094w, https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/1-1-300x140.jpg 300w, https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/1-1-1024x479.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/1-1-768x359.jpg 768w, https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/1-1-1536x719.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/1-1-2048x958.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/1-1-18x8.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-cd84e95 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"cd84e95\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-187bf14\" data-id=\"187bf14\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fa63b85 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"fa63b85\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"translation-block\">Figure 2 Role of the soil classification system in Geotechnical Engineering<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-de84126 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"de84126\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-cf507f3\" data-id=\"cf507f3\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-17daa20 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"17daa20\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"translation-block\">Of course, a soil classification system does NOT eliminate the need for detailed ground investigation, or more sophisticated testing to determine certain soil properties. However, the engineering properties correlate quite well with the index and classification properties of a given soil deposit. Thus, knowing the classification of the soil, the engineer will have a fairly good general idea about the potential of the soil to be used in a particular application and about its behavior during construction and under structural loads, over the life of the project (Holtz et al, 2011).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d73b5eb elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d73b5eb\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-267f51e\" data-id=\"267f51e\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-badc829 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"badc829\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Evolution of the understanding of soil<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9c9cc80 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"9c9cc80\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b369ccd\" data-id=\"b369ccd\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3dc4fc2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3dc4fc2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The behavior of soils is very complex, mainly due to their granular nature and the coexistence of solid particles with interstitial fluid, which is generally composed of more than one fluid (water, salts, organic and inorganic contaminants, gases such as air and methane, etc.). The understanding of soil behavior has evolved through the 20th Century to the present day, from the understanding of the concept of effective stresses (Terzaghi, in the 1920s), the behavior of colloids and clays (Goy, Chapman in the '10s, Lambe and Mitchell in the '50s), shear expansion (Taylor, 1948), critical state soil mechanics (Roscoe, Schofield and Wroth in the 1960s), mixed fluid phase, and partially saturated soils (Bishop, Aitchinson, Fredlund and Morgenstern in the 1960s), to name some of the most important concepts (see Figure 3). In recent years, a new stage associated with the study of geochemistry mediated by micro-organisms has begun to develop (Santamarina and Narsilio, 2008).<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d50dc31 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d50dc31\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8c13cd6\" data-id=\"8c13cd6\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aaafabe elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"aaafabe\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"399\" src=\"https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Figura-3-1024x511.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-942\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Figura-3-1024x511.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Figura-3-300x150.jpg 300w, https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Figura-3-768x383.jpg 768w, https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Figura-3-1536x767.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Figura-3-2048x1022.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9f24484 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"9f24484\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f968461\" data-id=\"f968461\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-69735c1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"69735c1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"translation-block\">Figure 3 Evolution over time of the understanding of soil behavior (Source: modified from Santamarina y Narsilio, 2008).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f9fde83 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f9fde83\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ed8df50\" data-id=\"ed8df50\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f4068f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f4068f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>These advances in the understanding of soil behavior under different stresses or for different uses, allowed the development and improvement of different soil classification systems.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-81bf51c elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"81bf51c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f8cf29c\" data-id=\"f8cf29c\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-df693b4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"df693b4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Philosophy of the Unified Soil Classification System <\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-1912e46 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1912e46\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9aa9d74\" data-id=\"9aa9d74\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6eeb7dd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6eeb7dd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"translation-block\">The Unified Soil Classification System (USCS) is governed by ASTM D-2487, and is the most widely used in geotechnical practice. It was initially proposed by Arthur Casagrande in 1932, tentatively adopted by the U.S. Department of Engineering in 1942, and finally submitted to the American Sociaty of Civil Engineers in 1948. The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers began using it in 1953, while the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation began using it in 1974. It is based on grain size analysis and Atterberg limits (liquid and plastic limits) of soils.<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p class=\"translation-block\">The system divides between coarse and fine soils, considering the percentage passing through the #200 sieve (0.075 mm). If less than 50% by weight of the soil passes through the #200 sieve, then the soil is coarse, and is sub-classified into sand or gravel by means of the #4 sieve. Otherwise, the soil is fine, and is sub-classified into silt or clay according to the values of the liquid and plastic limits. Figure 4 shows a simplified SUCS scheme.<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p>The importance of the #200 sieve becomes evident when analyzing the forces acting between particles, including self-weight forces, forces due to effective stresses, electrical forces, and capillary forces. The correlation between the equivalent particle size and the nature of the governing forces can be seen in the upper part of Figure 4: the #200 and #4 sieves capture these limits. From a geotechnical design point of view, the rate of dissipation of excess pore pressure discriminates between analyses in \"drained\" and \"undrained\" conditions. Typically, \"drained\" loading conditions are associated with coarse-grained soils, while \"undrained\" loading conditions are associated with fine-grained soils.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ec025c3 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ec025c3\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-684f41d\" data-id=\"684f41d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ad412c5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"ad412c5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" src=\"https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Figura-4-1024x1024.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-943\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Figura-4-1024x1024.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Figura-4-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Figura-4-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Figura-4-768x767.jpg 768w, https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Figura-4-1536x1534.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Figura-4.jpg 1620w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-56bac7f elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"56bac7f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ca257e5\" data-id=\"ca257e5\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e8bc2ae elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e8bc2ae\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"translation-block\">Figure 4 Illustrative diagram of USCS (Source: modified from Santamarina y Narsilio, 2008).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-74258ef elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"74258ef\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0244216\" data-id=\"0244216\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2a2360b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2a2360b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"translation-block\">In the absence of fines, the packing of coarse soil grains (gravel or sand) depends on the uniformity coefficient (Cu = D60\/D10). On the other hand, the curvature coefficient (Cc = D302\/(D10\/D60) adds information about the convexity of the grain size curve, indicating the presence of extreme diameters (Santamarina and Narsilio, 2008).<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p class=\"translation-block\">It is important to note that even small amounts of fine particles (size less than 2 \u03bcm) can exert a great influence on the behavior of coarse soils. Fines fill the spaces between larger particles, control soil permeability, determine whether effective loading conditions will be drained or undrained, and change the stress-strain behavior of soils. In addition, a relatively small percentage of fine particles can form stable bridges between particles, conferring strength and stiffness to the soil (Santamarina et al, 2002). The SUCS recognizes these observations, and presents a variable range of fines between 5% and 12% that changes the classification of soils.<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p>Atterberg limits, on the other hand, are used to classify fine soils. These tests quantify the specific surface area and factory formation. Consistency limit tests should be performed with the same fluid that will be involved during the life of the project, since the type and concentration of ions affect the effective thickness of the diffuse layer and the repulsive forces between particles (Santamarina and Narsilio, 2008). Figure 5 shows the Plasticity Chart, as presented in ASTM D-2487.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b9f73d2 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b9f73d2\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-fd52b8d\" data-id=\"fd52b8d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-54e8102 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"54e8102\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"463\" src=\"https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Figura-5-1024x592.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-944\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Figura-5-1024x592.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Figura-5-300x174.jpg 300w, https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Figura-5-768x444.jpg 768w, https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Figura-5-1536x888.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Figura-5.jpg 1570w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6a52d94 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6a52d94\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7df52f4\" data-id=\"7df52f4\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-72d914c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"72d914c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"translation-block\">Figure 5 Plasticity Chart for USCS (Source: ASTM D-2487).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5f67d79 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5f67d79\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3462d93\" data-id=\"3462d93\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c8fe2e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1c8fe2e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Finally, it is important to note that the USCS is based on routine laboratory tests: sieving and hydrometer particle size (the sieving test can be used), and consistency limits. This is perhaps the main practical strength of the system.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c23024b elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c23024b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d858cd5\" data-id=\"d858cd5\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0ee24c2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0ee24c2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">References<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-74bb419 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"74bb419\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7280c93\" data-id=\"7280c93\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-42fdc28 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"42fdc28\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li><strong>\u201cAnnual Book of ASTM Standards: Soils and Rocks\u201d<\/strong> (2019). American Society for Testing and Materials. USA.<\/li><li>Holtz, R.; Kovacs, W. &amp; Sheahan, T. (2011) <strong>\u201cAn Introduction to Geotechnical Engineering\u201d<\/strong>. Second Edition. Prentice Hall. New Jersey, USA.<\/li><li>Santamarina, C., Klein, K., Wang, Y., Prencke, E. (2002) <strong>\u201cSpecific Surface: Determination and Relevance\u201d<\/strong>. DOI: 10.1139\/T01-077. NRC. Canada.<\/li><li>Santamarina, C., Narsilio, G. (2008) <strong>\u201cClasificaci\u00f3n de Suelos: Fundamento F\u00edsico, Pr\u00e1cticas Actuales y Recomendaciones\u201d<\/strong>. Conferencia 50 Aniversario Sociedad Venezolana de Geotecnia. Caracas, Venezuela.<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-eb59575 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"eb59575\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0cadea6\" data-id=\"0cadea6\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-52f3376 elementor-shape-circle elementor-grid-0 e-grid-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-social-icons\" data-id=\"52f3376\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"social-icons.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-social-icons-wrapper elementor-grid\" role=\"list\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-grid-item\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-icon elementor-social-icon elementor-social-icon-facebook elementor-repeater-item-7da78dc\" href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Geo-Web-100977118794652\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-screen-only\">Facebook<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fab fa-facebook\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-grid-item\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-icon elementor-social-icon elementor-social-icon-twitter elementor-repeater-item-fe85f2d\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/geowebonline\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-screen-only\">Twitter<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fab fa-twitter\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-grid-item\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-icon elementor-social-icon elementor-social-icon-instagram elementor-repeater-item-a21533a\" href=\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/geowebonline\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-screen-only\">Instagram<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fab fa-instagram\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-grid-item\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-icon elementor-social-icon elementor-social-icon-linkedin elementor-repeater-item-8544528\" href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/alvaro-boiero-37bb4348\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-screen-only\">Linkedin<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fab fa-linkedin\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3a45100 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3a45100\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;gradient&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9714532\" data-id=\"9714532\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c90604c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"c90604c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">2024 - geo Todos los derechos reservados \/ Desarrollo web: lubercba<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Facebook Twitter Instagram Linkedin Sistema Unificado de Clasificaci\u00f3n del Suelo (SUCS) en la Ingenieria Geot\u00e9cnica En este post se tratar\u00e1 el tema de la clasificaci\u00f3n de los suelos, poniendo el foco en dos aspectos fundamentales: primero, entender qu\u00e9 es un sistema de clasificaci\u00f3n de suelos; y segundo, comprender la filosof\u00eda del Sistema Unificado de Clasificaci\u00f3n [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-932","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>El sistema unificado de clasificaci\u00f3n del suelo (sucs) en la Ingenier\u00eda Geot\u00e9cnica -<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/en\/sistema-unificado-de-clasificacion-del-suelo\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"El sistema unificado de clasificaci\u00f3n del suelo (sucs) en la Ingenier\u00eda Geot\u00e9cnica -\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Facebook Twitter Instagram Linkedin Sistema Unificado de Clasificaci\u00f3n del Suelo (SUCS) en la Ingenieria Geot\u00e9cnica En este post se tratar\u00e1 el tema de la clasificaci\u00f3n de los suelos, poniendo el foco en dos aspectos fundamentales: primero, entender qu\u00e9 es un sistema de clasificaci\u00f3n de suelos; 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