{"id":2858,"date":"2023-05-14T12:12:54","date_gmt":"2023-05-14T12:12:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/?page_id=2858"},"modified":"2025-04-07T01:04:53","modified_gmt":"2025-04-07T01:04:53","slug":"efecto-de-la-fraccion-arcillosa-en-el-comportamiento-del-suelo","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/en\/efecto-de-la-fraccion-arcillosa-en-el-comportamiento-del-suelo\/","title":{"rendered":"The effect of fine clay fraction on soil behavior"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"2858\" class=\"elementor elementor-2858\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-fdcd71d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"fdcd71d\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div 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elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d52a5ee elementor-nav-menu__align-center elementor-nav-menu--dropdown-tablet elementor-nav-menu__text-align-aside elementor-nav-menu--toggle elementor-nav-menu--burger elementor-widget elementor-widget-nav-menu\" data-id=\"d52a5ee\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;layout&quot;:&quot;horizontal&quot;,&quot;submenu_icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;&lt;i class=\\&quot;fas fa-caret-down\\&quot; aria-hidden=\\&quot;true\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/i&gt;&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;},&quot;toggle&quot;:&quot;burger&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"nav-menu.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<nav aria-label=\"Menu\" class=\"elementor-nav-menu--main elementor-nav-menu__container elementor-nav-menu--layout-horizontal e--pointer-underline e--animation-fade\">\n\t\t\t\t<ul id=\"menu-1-d52a5ee\" class=\"elementor-nav-menu\"><li 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tabindex=\"-1\">Proyectos geot\u00e9cnicos<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1168\"><a href=\"https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/en\/contacto\/\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Contact<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\t\t\t<\/nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ed93107 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ed93107\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-da6165f\" data-id=\"da6165f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f29083 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2f29083\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">The effect of fine clay fraction on soil behavior<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7dd46eb elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7dd46eb\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1491d8b\" data-id=\"1491d8b\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-53c5e67 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"53c5e67\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>Traditionally, most texts and papers on Soil Mechanics have presented the information clearly divided into two types of materials: sands and clays. However, in practice we often find ourselves in the presence of mixed soils. The following question arises: how to estimate the behavior of these mixed materials? One of the main aspects to take into account when approaching this question is the effect of the fine clay fraction on the material behavior. Do you want to know more? Continue Reading this post...<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e32b695 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e32b695\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-97b281e\" data-id=\"97b281e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7730f8d elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"7730f8d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;No headings were found on this page.&quot;,&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;numbers&quot;,&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tContent\t\t\t<\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__7730f8d\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-chevron-down\"><\/i><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__7730f8d\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-chevron-up\"><\/i><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__7730f8d\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<i class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c90a6d0 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c90a6d0\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-831f903\" data-id=\"831f903\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-beb319e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"beb319e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">General considerations about soil behavior<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-803906f elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"803906f\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-fe39565\" data-id=\"fe39565\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-faacf90 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"faacf90\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"translation-block\">In a previous post we have discussed the nature of soil, differentiating between coarse and fine soils, and presenting some basic notions about their behavior. It would be a good idea to review this information before continuing reading this post. Here is the link: https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/en\/la-naturaleza-del-suelo\/.<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p class=\"translation-block\">The texture of soils, especially of coarse-grained soils, has some relation to their engineering behavior. For fine-grained soils, the presence of water gratley affects their engineering response. Water affects the interaction between mineral grains, and this may affect their plasticity (roughtly defined as the soil\u00b4s ability to be molded) and their cohesiveness (its ability to stick togheter). While sands are nonplastic and noncohesive (cohesionless), clays are both plastic and cohesive. Silts fall between clays and sands: they are fine-grained, yet nonplastic and cohesionless (Holtz et al, 2011).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-756cd12 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"756cd12\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-03d1797\" data-id=\"03d1797\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1b7d20d elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"1b7d20d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1827\" height=\"630\" src=\"https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Figura-1-2.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-2861\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Figura-1-2.jpg 1827w, https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Figura-1-2-300x103.jpg 300w, https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Figura-1-2-1024x353.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Figura-1-2-768x265.jpg 768w, https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Figura-1-2-1536x530.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Figura-1-2-18x6.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1827px) 100vw, 1827px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a7515c0 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a7515c0\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3087f28\" data-id=\"3087f28\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c6e9a2a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c6e9a2a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"translation-block\">Figure 1 Microscopic images of clay, silt and sand particles (Source: modified from Jozefaciuk et al, 2021 and Akbari &amp; Ahmadi, 2016).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ce23ba8 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ce23ba8\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1baab91\" data-id=\"1baab91\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cb39203 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cb39203\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>In general, fine particles fill pore spaces between larger particles, control de permeability of soils, determine whether a given loading condition is drained or undrained, and increase the elastic and degradation thershold strain of soils. Furthemore, a relative small percentage of fines can form stable contacts between coarse grains, providing strength and stiffness to the soil. The Uniform Soil Classification System (USCS) recognizes these observations, clearly separates fines from coarse soils, capture the importance of fines in coarse soils, and even adresses whether those fines are of high or low plasticity (Santamarina et al, 2002).<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p class=\"translation-block\">However, it is important to point out that the presence of even a small amount of clay minerals (very small cristaline particles, less than 0.002 mm in size, very active electrochemically) can markedly affect the engineering properties of soil mass. It was recognized that as the amount of clay increases, the behavior of the soil is increasingly governed by the properties of the clay (Holtz et al, 2011; Mitchell, 1976; Monkul &amp; Ozden, 2007). In that way, as a complement of the information provided by the application of the USCS, understanding the effect of the presence ofclay minerals is fundamental to understanding soil behavior.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f2723e7 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f2723e7\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7c32a41\" data-id=\"7c32a41\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1426e13 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1426e13\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">The effect of fine clay fraction on soil behavior<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e35d307 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e35d307\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f6e01ff\" data-id=\"f6e01ff\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2eb6bc7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2eb6bc7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"translation-block\">Firstly, it is important to mention that such soils which behavior is strongly affected by the presence of clay minerals, for simplicity are usually called clays. However, we really mean soils that contain enough clay minerals to affect their engineering behavior. This simplification must be understood, in order to avoid confusion.<\/p><p class=\"translation-block\">The influence of the presence of clay minerals in the soil mass behavior, was extensively studied by several authors in the last four decades. Among the works that I consider most relevant, the following should be highlighted: 1) Lupini et al (1981), who mentioned that residual shear behavior changes significantly as the clay content of cohesive soils increases and a change in a shearing mechanism occurs; and 2) Skempton (1985), who mentioned that if the clay fraction is less than 25%, the soil behaves much like a coarse soil (sand or silt).<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p class=\"translation-block\">In order to explain the influence of the clay fraction on soil behavior, the two-phases model proposed by Mitchell (1976) could be considered. According to such model, the void ratio of the granular phase (eg) can be defined as the ratio of volume of the intergranular voids to the volume of granular solids:<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9e166cb elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"9e166cb\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3b25f52\" data-id=\"3b25f52\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-68bb402 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"68bb402\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"431\" height=\"172\" src=\"https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/ecu1.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-2862\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/ecu1.jpg 431w, https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/ecu1-300x120.jpg 300w, https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/ecu1-18x7.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 431px) 100vw, 431px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-917d880\" data-id=\"917d880\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4fdec88 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4fdec88\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b1c5d5b\" data-id=\"b1c5d5b\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d31a945 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d31a945\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"translation-block\">Where Vv, Vc and Vg are the volume of voids, clay particles and coarse particles (silts, sands or gravels), respectively. Hence, Vv + Vc is the volume of the intergranular spaces. It is assumed in that model that contribution of fines (clay particles) in sustaining the internal forces is secondary if the amount of fines stays within a certain margin. Instead, the coarser grain matrix is dominant in the transfer of contact friction forces (Biscontin et al, 2007).\n\nFollowing the two-phases model, saturated soils containing a mix of cohesive and granular soils can be idealized as a combination of the two phases: (1) the clay-water phase, referred as the clay matrix; and (2) the granular phase. Figure 2 illustrates the model.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-344fded elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"344fded\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9eba909\" data-id=\"9eba909\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dbcf12e elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"dbcf12e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"446\" src=\"https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Figura-2-2-1024x571.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-2863\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Figura-2-2-1024x571.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Figura-2-2-300x167.jpg 300w, https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Figura-2-2-768x428.jpg 768w, https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Figura-2-2-18x10.jpg 18w, https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Figura-2-2.jpg 1201w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-71db49c elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"71db49c\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2a5fe06\" data-id=\"2a5fe06\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-011d90b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"011d90b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"translation-block\">Figure 2 Two-phases conceptual model (Source: modified from Biscontin et al, 2007).<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-8237717 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"8237717\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-10859ed\" data-id=\"10859ed\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-496a01b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"496a01b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"translation-block\">For most practical purposes, Gc \u2248 Gg = Gs, and the volumetric clay fraction fc can be approximated by the gravimetric clay fraction FF. The void ratios of the clay-water and granular phases, ec and eg respectivaly, can be determined from the overall void ratio e and the volumetric clay-fraction, according to the following expressions:<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-de289b7 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"de289b7\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-72c362a\" data-id=\"72c362a\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4956b5c elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"4956b5c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"701\" height=\"251\" src=\"https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/ecu2.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-2864\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/ecu2.jpg 701w, https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/ecu2-300x107.jpg 300w, https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/ecu2-18x6.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 701px) 100vw, 701px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f2ab119\" data-id=\"f2ab119\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6da16d6 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6da16d6\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-41e6bf6\" data-id=\"41e6bf6\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0f30764 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"0f30764\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"178\" src=\"https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/ecu3-1024x228.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-2865\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/ecu3-1024x228.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/ecu3-300x67.jpg 300w, https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/ecu3-768x171.jpg 768w, https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/ecu3-18x4.jpg 18w, https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/ecu3.jpg 1350w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-05ee3c9\" data-id=\"05ee3c9\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e435d14 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e435d14\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-816d0d2\" data-id=\"816d0d2\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-036d76c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"036d76c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"translation-block\">From the last expression, if eg \u2265 1, that means that the clay-water phase is greater than the granular phase. In these conditions, the coarser grains behave as rigid inclusions in the clay-water phase, and provide insignificant contribution to the overall soil behavior, which is only controlled by the clay matrix. Such behavior could be defined as clay-like behavior. On the other hand, if the saturated clay fraction is small, the coarser grains are in mutual contact, and the clay matrix is interlocked in the voids of the granular skeleton. In this case, the overall soil behavior is controlled by the granular phase alone, and could be defined as sand-like behavior.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-52586f4 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"52586f4\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5619d58\" data-id=\"5619d58\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9db26d3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9db26d3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Some practical recommendations to be applied on geotechnical projects<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7e4442b elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7e4442b\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-cadc1f4\" data-id=\"cadc1f4\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c81031 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3c81031\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"translation-block\">Fig. 3 shows relationships between eg, ec, \u03c9, and FF. The figure includes information on samples published in the literature (Lupini et al, 1981; Monkul &amp; Ozden, 2007; Biscontin et al, 2007). According to this data, it is evident that samples with higher contents of coarse grains present, in general, eg  1, which could be considered as clay-like behavior.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-fa63842 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"fa63842\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3b767a5\" data-id=\"3b767a5\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dee00a3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"dee00a3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2304\" height=\"1440\" src=\"https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Figura-3.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-2869\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Figura-3.jpg 2304w, https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Figura-3-300x188.jpg 300w, https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Figura-3-1024x640.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Figura-3-768x480.jpg 768w, https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Figura-3-1536x960.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Figura-3-2048x1280.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Figura-3-18x12.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2304px) 100vw, 2304px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a939629 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a939629\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c9d664f\" data-id=\"c9d664f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d1ccc36 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d1ccc36\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"translation-block\">Figure 3 Relationships between eg, ec, \u03c9 and FF (Source: modified from Lupinie et al, 1981 by Boiero, 2021).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ff1eab7 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ff1eab7\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-16db70f\" data-id=\"16db70f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-477e135 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"477e135\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"translation-block\">According to the above, from the practical point of view it can be established that for FF equal or greater than 20%, the soils will present a clay-like behavior, while for FF less than 20% the soils will present a sand-like behavior. This limit is generally consistent with what has been published in the literature regarding the influence of clay particles on soil behavior.<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p>Considering the information presented above, it is evident the need to consider the expected behavior of the soil in order to carry out an adequate geotechnical characterization. Such consideration complements the information obtained from the soil classification according to the USCS, particularly in relation to the effect of clay particles on soil behaviour.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-cbf0f30 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"cbf0f30\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4613294\" data-id=\"4613294\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f908bc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6f908bc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">References<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-8daf01a elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"8daf01a\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-101eb10\" data-id=\"101eb10\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a8139e6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a8139e6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li>Akbari, N. &amp; Ahmadi, M. (2016) <strong>\u201cEffect of Fines Type and Content of Sand on Correlation Between Shear Wave Velocity and Liquefaction Resistance\u201d<\/strong>. <a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/journal\/10706\"><em>Geotechnical and Geological Engineering<\/em><\/a><em>,<\/em>volume\u00a034,\u00a0pages1857\u20131876. DOI:<a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10706-016-9995-8\">1007\/s10706-016-9995-8<\/a>.<\/li><li>Boiero, A. (2021) <strong>\u201cDevelopment of a Rational Methodology for Soil Geotechnical Characterization\u201d<\/strong>. 6<sup>TH<\/sup> International Conference on Geotechnical and Geophysical Site Characterization (ISC\u00b46). Paper ID: ISC2020-12. Available at <a href=\"http:\/\/isc6.org\/images\/Cikkek\/Sessions\/ISC2020-12.pdf\">http:\/\/isc6.org\/images\/Cikkek\/Sessions\/ISC2020-12.pdf<\/a>. Budapest, Hungary.<\/li><li>Holtz, R.; Kovacs, W. &amp; Sheahan, T. (2011) <strong>\u201cAn Introduction to Geotechnical Engineering\u201d<\/strong>. Second Edition. Prentice Hall. New Jersey, USA.<\/li><li>Jozefaciuk, G.; Skic, K.; Adamczuk, A.; Boguta, P.; Lamorski, K. (2021) <strong>\u201cStructure and Strength of Artificial Soils Containing Monomineral Clay Fractions\u201d<\/strong>. <em>Materials<\/em>, 14, 4688. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ma14164688\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ma14164688<\/a>.<\/li><li>Lupini, J., Skinner, A. &amp; Vaughan, P. (19818) <strong>\u201cThe Drained Residual Strength of Cohesive Soils\u201d<\/strong>, <em>Geotechnique<\/em>, 31, pp. 181-212.<\/li><li>Mitchell, J. (1976) <strong>\u201cFundamentals of Soil Behavior\u201d<\/strong>, 1st ed., John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc., New York, USA.<\/li><li>Monkul, M.&amp; Ozden, G. (2007) <strong>\u201cCompressional Behavior of Clayey Sand and Transition Fines Content\u201d<\/strong>, Engineering Geology, 89, pp. 195-205, 2007.<\/li><li>Santamarina, C., Klein, K., Wang, Y., Prencke, E. (2002) <strong>\u201cSpecific Surface: Determination and Relevance\u201d<\/strong>. DOI: 10.1139\/T01-077. NRC. Canada.<\/li><li>Santamarina, C., Narsilio, G. (2008) <strong>\u201cClasificaci\u00f3n de Suelos: Fundamento F\u00edsico, Pr\u00e1cticas Actuales y Recomendaciones\u201d<\/strong>. Conferencia 50 Aniversario Sociedad Venezolana de Geotecnia. Caracas, Venezuela.<\/li><li>Skempton, A. (1985) <strong>\u201cResidual Strength of Clays in Landslides, Folded Strata and the Laboratory\u201d<\/strong>, <em>Geotechnique<\/em>, 35, pp. 3-18.<\/li><\/ul><p>\u00a0<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6c99a9f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6c99a9f\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-af36b9d\" data-id=\"af36b9d\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7e36457 elementor-shape-circle elementor-grid-0 e-grid-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-social-icons\" data-id=\"7e36457\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"social-icons.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-social-icons-wrapper elementor-grid\" role=\"list\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-grid-item\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-icon elementor-social-icon elementor-social-icon-facebook elementor-repeater-item-7da78dc\" href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Geo-Web-100977118794652\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-screen-only\">Facebook<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fab fa-facebook\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-grid-item\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-icon elementor-social-icon elementor-social-icon-twitter elementor-repeater-item-fe85f2d\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/geowebonline\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-screen-only\">Twitter<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fab fa-twitter\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-grid-item\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-icon elementor-social-icon elementor-social-icon-instagram elementor-repeater-item-a21533a\" href=\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/geowebonline\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-screen-only\">Instagram<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fab fa-instagram\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-grid-item\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-icon elementor-social-icon elementor-social-icon-linkedin elementor-repeater-item-8544528\" href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/alvaro-boiero-37bb4348\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-screen-only\">Linkedin<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fab fa-linkedin\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-83e0b01 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"83e0b01\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;gradient&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-93d2dc4\" data-id=\"93d2dc4\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fc59d3d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"fc59d3d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">2024 - geo Todos los derechos reservados \/ Desarrollo web: lubercba<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Facebook Twitter Instagram Linkedin Efecto de la fracci\u00f3n arcillosa en el comportamiento del suelo Tradicionalmente, la mayor\u00eda de los textos y trabajos sobre Mec\u00e1nica de Suelos han presentado la informaci\u00f3n claramente dividida en dos tipos de materiales: arenas y arcillas. Sin embargo, en la pr\u00e1ctica nos encontramos a menudo en presencia de suelos mixtos. Surge, [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2858","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Efecto de la fracci\u00f3n arcillosa en el comportamiento del suelo -<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/en\/efecto-de-la-fraccion-arcillosa-en-el-comportamiento-del-suelo\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Efecto de la fracci\u00f3n arcillosa en el comportamiento del suelo -\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Facebook Twitter Instagram Linkedin Efecto de la fracci\u00f3n arcillosa en el comportamiento del suelo Tradicionalmente, la mayor\u00eda de los textos y trabajos sobre Mec\u00e1nica de Suelos han presentado la informaci\u00f3n claramente dividida en dos tipos de materiales: arenas y arcillas. Sin embargo, en la pr\u00e1ctica nos encontramos a menudo en presencia de suelos mixtos. 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