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tabindex=\"-1\">Proyectos geot\u00e9cnicos<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1168\"><a href=\"https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/en\/contacto\/\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Contact<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\t\t\t<\/nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-06ca7a3 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"06ca7a3\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3149c7e\" data-id=\"3149c7e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-603670a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"603670a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">The effect of water in slopes<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-1edb722 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1edb722\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8943746\" data-id=\"8943746\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e3c126e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e3c126e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>Water is normally associated with most of the failure mechanisms that a slope may experience. From various types of loading that increase the stresses acting on the slope, to the decrease in the shear strength of the soil, water appears as a fundamental factor to be considered in any stability analysis.<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-655aa9f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"655aa9f\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-782ff24\" data-id=\"782ff24\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c64ac1b 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class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tContents\t\t\t<\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__c64ac1b\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-chevron-down\"><\/i><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__c64ac1b\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-chevron-up\"><\/i><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__c64ac1b\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<i class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f43947 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f43947\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4ef3c4c\" data-id=\"4ef3c4c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ee92cf9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ee92cf9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">The water <\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-295da21 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"295da21\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4eaea31\" data-id=\"4eaea31\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-08ae90d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"08ae90d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>When we deal with soil-related problems in general, we constantly mention water. But, what is water? What are its properties?<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p class=\"translation-block\">Water is, above all, a chemical compound, which has an atomic structure such that the hydrogen atoms form an angle of approximately 105\u00b0 between the straight lines joining their centers with the oxygen atom, which gives it the property of bipolarity. Figure 1 shows a schematic of the molecule of this compound.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-89040b9 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"89040b9\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a063ce4\" data-id=\"a063ce4\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f73437b elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"f73437b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1209\" height=\"627\" src=\"https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/Figura-1-2.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-1483\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/Figura-1-2.jpg 1209w, https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/Figura-1-2-300x156.jpg 300w, https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/Figura-1-2-1024x531.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/Figura-1-2-768x398.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1209px) 100vw, 1209px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c81c9eb elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c81c9eb\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-366237e\" data-id=\"366237e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2bcab5a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2bcab5a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"translation-block\">Figure 1 Water molecule (Source: modified from https:\/\/www.renovablesverdes.com\/molecula-de-agua\/).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-bb508ba elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"bb508ba\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-787d0f7\" data-id=\"787d0f7\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0308db8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0308db8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The fact that water is a bipolar molecule implies that it is similar to a small magnet that can orient itself according to the magnetic field; and therefore, it is the one that allows it to react with other chemical elements, generating, for example, the expansion of clays.<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p class=\"translation-block\">Given its physical properties, water is a broad-spectrum solvent, in addition to being the most abundant substance in the earth's crust, and the only one found in the solid, liquid and gaseous states. The water cycle (which we described in the post \"Where does water come from? The hydrological cycle\") describes the presence and movement of water on Earth. It may be useful to take a look at it.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0a4d3d6 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0a4d3d6\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0211384\" data-id=\"0211384\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a40f075 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a40f075\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">The solid as porous media<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-06e15c2 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"06e15c2\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-125de8e\" data-id=\"125de8e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-49212cb elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"49212cb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"translation-block\">What condition must soil meet in order to interact with water? For a solid to contain water it must necessarily be porous, that is, it must contain spaces that can be occupied by water.<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p>Porosity is usually defined as the ratio of \"empty\" (i.e., non-solid) spaces to total volume. However, this concept can be misleading, as can be seen from the analysis in Figure 2.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3a077ac elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3a077ac\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2abcb8b\" data-id=\"2abcb8b\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6abb50f elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"6abb50f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1209\" height=\"627\" src=\"https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/Figura-2-1.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-1488\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/Figura-2-1.jpg 1209w, https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/Figura-2-1-300x156.jpg 300w, https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/Figura-2-1-1024x531.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/Figura-2-1-768x398.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1209px) 100vw, 1209px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c7f42da elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c7f42da\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3ee8124\" data-id=\"3ee8124\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cad76d3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cad76d3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"translation-block\">Figure 2 Diferent types of porosity. In the figure: roca vacuolar = vacuolar rock; roca con fracturas comunicadas = rock with communicating fractures; suelo granular = granular soil; arcilla = clay; roca con fracturas no comunicadas = rock with non-communicating fractures (Source: compiled from https:\/\/www.google.com\/).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c767a2a elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c767a2a\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-84750ae\" data-id=\"84750ae\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cd60e51 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cd60e51\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Five (5) materials with similar porosity are shown in the figure above. In the case of vacuolar rock (in which each pore is independent of another), if it contains any fluid, the fluid must have formed at the same time as the rock. In the case of granular soils, the pores are interconnected, and it follows that they formed at the same time as the solid phase. Fractured rock, on the other hand, may show interconnected fractures, or pores that are not connected, since they formed later than the rock. Finally, clays do not have pores per se, even though porosity is measured by the amount of water absorbed per unit volume. In this case, water, by means of a physical-chemical process and because it is a dielectric, opens up space to penetrate between the laminated clay crystals, which is why all clay is expansive in the presence of water.<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p class=\"translation-block\">According to the above, the existence of several types of porosity is evident, the most important for soil-water interaction being the one related to the circulation of water between the material, i.e., the so-called effective porosity.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4322d84 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4322d84\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-fe99bb7\" data-id=\"fe99bb7\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-129a2f5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"129a2f5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Main effects of water in slopes<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e833a95 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e833a95\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-16c5479\" data-id=\"16c5479\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3042459 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3042459\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Most slope failures are related, in one way or another, to water, since water plays a very important role in most of the processes that generate either a decrease in the shear strength of the soil or an increase in stresses that affect the state of stresses in the soil mass.<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p>Therefore, the soil-water interaction must be adequately understood, since it is one of the most important factors to be considered in slope stability analysis. The main effects of water as a trigger for slope failure, are as following:<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a333990 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a333990\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-765bfbc\" data-id=\"765bfbc\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-08404bb elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"08404bb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1209\" height=\"627\" src=\"https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/Figura-3-1.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-1489\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/Figura-3-1.jpg 1209w, https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/Figura-3-1-300x156.jpg 300w, https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/Figura-3-1-1024x531.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/Figura-3-1-768x398.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1209px) 100vw, 1209px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b7f22df elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b7f22df\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-dcaa0c7\" data-id=\"dcaa0c7\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7e7c202 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7e7c202\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"translation-block\">Figure 3 Main effects of water as a trigger for a slope failure.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-920e836 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"920e836\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-68d74b4\" data-id=\"68d74b4\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3989458 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3989458\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Let's take a look at each factor:<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><ol><li class=\"translation-block\">Increase in soil weight, since the soil is a porous medium, it may eventually become saturated (due to the action of very heavy rains, for example, or by infiltration of water associated with anthropic effects), and thus considerably increase its unit weight, which favors the movement of the land mass.<\/li><\/ol><p>\u00a0<\/p><ol start=\"2\"><li class=\"translation-block\">Decrease in resistance due to adsorbed water is particularly important in the case of clay materials, in which water is easily absorbed, adhering to the edges and faces of the solid particles, thus generating a decrease in the shear resistance between them<\/li><\/ol><p>\u00a0<\/p><ol start=\"3\"><li class=\"translation-block\">In certain materials (such as some residual soils, or potentially collapsible soils), the flow of water through the soil pores generates the dissolution of the smaller mineral particles, which serve as bonds between the larger ones, causing the collapse of the soil structure<\/li><\/ol><p>\u00a0<\/p><ol start=\"4\"><li class=\"translation-block\">Internal erosion, is associated with the flow of water between the pores of the ground, which can generate caverns, thus inducing the failure of the soil and the formation of a slope fault.<\/li><\/ol><p>\u00a0<\/p><ol start=\"5\"><li class=\"translation-block\">The saturation of the soil causes the pores to fill with water, and if for some external reason an increase in pore pressure is generated (as may occur due to heavy rains, or infiltration of water from anthropic processes), the shear strength of the soil decreases, according to the well-known Law of Effective Stresses developed by Terzaghi.<\/li><\/ol><p>\u00a0<\/p><p class=\"translation-block\">Of course, all soils are affected by these processes. However, the nature of the materials will affect the speed with which these phenomena occur. In general, it can be said that in highly permeable materials, these effects can occur rapidly, in a matter of minutes, while in the case of low permeable soils, the changes are slower.<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p>So, be careful with the effects of water! And consider them properly in slope stability analyses!<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4d28d92 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4d28d92\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4a45198\" data-id=\"4a45198\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0f01cc1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0f01cc1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">References<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3daf53b elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3daf53b\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4cb2365\" data-id=\"4cb2365\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d49c614 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d49c614\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li>Abramson, L; Lee, T; Sharma, S. &amp; Boyce, G. (1996) <strong>\u201cSlope Stabilization and Stabilization Methods\u201d<\/strong>. John Wiley &amp; Sons, INC. USA.<\/li><li>Sancio, R. (1995) <strong>\u201cElementos de Hidrolog\u00eda e Hidrogeolog\u00eda\u201d<\/strong>. I Curso Panamericano de Movimientos de Masas. Barquisimeto, Venezuela.<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-cd6a96c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"cd6a96c\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-52174e5\" data-id=\"52174e5\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-10abc11 elementor-shape-circle elementor-grid-0 e-grid-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-social-icons\" data-id=\"10abc11\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"social-icons.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-social-icons-wrapper elementor-grid\" role=\"list\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-grid-item\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-icon elementor-social-icon elementor-social-icon-facebook elementor-repeater-item-7da78dc\" href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Geo-Web-100977118794652\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-screen-only\">Facebook<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fab fa-facebook\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-grid-item\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-icon elementor-social-icon elementor-social-icon-twitter elementor-repeater-item-fe85f2d\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/geowebonline\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-screen-only\">Twitter<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fab fa-twitter\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-grid-item\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-icon elementor-social-icon elementor-social-icon-instagram elementor-repeater-item-a21533a\" href=\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/geowebonline\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-screen-only\">Instagram<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fab fa-instagram\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-grid-item\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-icon elementor-social-icon elementor-social-icon-linkedin elementor-repeater-item-8544528\" href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/alvaro-boiero-37bb4348\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-screen-only\">Linkedin<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fab fa-linkedin\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-68b95fb elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"68b95fb\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;gradient&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2e5522b\" data-id=\"2e5522b\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5004c22 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5004c22\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">2024 - geo Todos los derechos reservados \/ Desarrollo web: lubercba<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Facebook Twitter Instagram Linkedin El efecto del agua en los taludes El agua est\u00e1 normalmente asociada a la mayor\u00eda de los mecanismos de falla que puede experimentar un talud. Desde varios tipos de carga que incrementan los esfuerzos actuantes en el talud, hasta la disminuci\u00f3n de la resistencia al corte del terreno, el agua aparece [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1481","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>El efecto del agua en los taludes -<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/en\/el-efecto-del-agua-en-los-taludes\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"El efecto del agua en los taludes -\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Facebook Twitter Instagram Linkedin El efecto del agua en los taludes El agua est\u00e1 normalmente asociada a la mayor\u00eda de los mecanismos de falla que puede experimentar un talud. 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Desde varios tipos de carga que incrementan los esfuerzos actuantes en el talud, hasta la disminuci\u00f3n de la resistencia al corte del terreno, el agua aparece [&hellip;]","og_url":"https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/en\/el-efecto-del-agua-en-los-taludes\/","article_modified_time":"2025-04-07T01:16:10+00:00","og_image":[{"width":582,"height":277,"url":"https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/logosgeonewalvaro.png","type":"image\/png"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Est. reading time":"7 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/el-efecto-del-agua-en-los-taludes\/","url":"https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/el-efecto-del-agua-en-los-taludes\/","name":"El efecto del agua en los taludes -","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/el-efecto-del-agua-en-los-taludes\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/el-efecto-del-agua-en-los-taludes\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/logosgeonewalvaro.png","datePublished":"2021-08-08T11:26:05+00:00","dateModified":"2025-04-07T01:16:10+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/el-efecto-del-agua-en-los-taludes\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/el-efecto-del-agua-en-los-taludes\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/el-efecto-del-agua-en-los-taludes\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/logosgeonewalvaro.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/logosgeonewalvaro.png"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/el-efecto-del-agua-en-los-taludes\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Portada","item":"https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"El efecto del agua en los taludes"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/#website","url":"https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/","name":"","description":"El Blog de Alvaro Boiero","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1481","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1481"}],"version-history":[{"count":25,"href":"https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1481\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4109,"href":"https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1481\/revisions\/4109"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/geo-webonline.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1481"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}